Chenjezo Lofunika Pachitetezo: Ili ndi zolemba zakale, osati buku lamakono logwiritsira ntchito. Kutenthetsa, kutenthetsa, kusungunuka ndi kuponyera zitsulo kumakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha moto, kuphulika, kuyaka ndi mpweya wapoizoni. Makamaka, njira zomwe zafotokozedwa zapakhomo siziyenera kutsatiridwa ndi lead, malawi otseguka, uvuni kapena masitovu amagetsi. Malamulo ovomerezeka, zida zoyenera, mpweya wabwino ndi maphunziro aukadaulo amafunikira pantchito yotere.
Mawu awa si gawo la zomwe Savo Kusić akutsatsa pano, zomwe zimayang’ana kwambiri mazenera, zitseko ndi njira zina.
Kutentha kwazitsulo
Chofunika kwambiri cha mankhwalawa ndi chakuti chitsulo chotenthedwa ndi madzi ozizira chimakhala cholimba. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa tempering. Mosiyana ndi izi, chitsulo chotenthetsera komanso chokhazikika pang’onopang’ono chimataya kuuma kwake ndipo chimakhala chofewa. Izi zimatchedwa kuchotsa ntchito. Kutentha kumatanthawuza kuti kufewetsa pang’ono kokha kwachitidwa kuti zitsulo zomwe zinali zolimba kwambiri komanso zowonongeka kuti zithekenso.
Zimangonena kuti sikophweka kuyeza kuchuluka kwa zitsulo zomwe zatenthedwa kapena kukonzedwa panthawi yaukadaulo. Zothandiza zokhudzana ndi kutentha kwachitsulo panthawi yotentha zimaperekedwa ndi mtundu umene umasintha pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti kumasulidwa kuchitidwe pa kutentha koyenera. Nazi zitsanzo zingapo:
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Kutentha Mtundu Wopumula Zinthu
C kwa processing luso
225 yellow yellow pin, kubowola, mbale yokhala ndi
ndi indentation
250 bulauni-yellow bookmark
265-275 bulauni wofiira zida zogwirira ntchito zamatabwa
285-295 wofiira wofiirira
purple-dark blue screwdriver, cutter, spring
Kutentha kuyenera kuphimba zinthu zonse, ndipo kuziziritsa ndikosavuta kuchita ndikumiza chinthucho m’madzi. Mukamasula, zimakwanira kutentha pamwamba pa chinthucho kuti chimasulidwe ndikuchisiya mumlengalenga kuti chizizire (tikhoza kumasula tsamba la wodula pamoto wamoto).
Pofewetsa, chinthu chonsecho chizitenthedwa pang’onopang’ono komanso pang’onopang’ono, ndipo mpweya woziziritsa uyenera kukhala wotentha kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza zitsulo, zitsulo zina zimatha kusinthidwa ndi thermally. Mkuwa wolimba umafewetsedwa ndi kutentha mpaka 500°C ndi kuziziritsa m’madzi. Ngati njirayi ikuchedwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti mkuwa umakhala wolimba kachiwiri. Brass imatenthedwanso ndi nyundo, kupanga. Aluminiyamu, ngati ili ndi kulimba kwambiri kuposa momwe imafunikira, imatha kufewetsedwa pa kutentha kwa 450-500°C, ndikuzizira pang’onopang’ono. Samalani ndi aluminiyamu, chifukwa imasungunuka pa kutentha kwa 650°S.
Za Casting
Timaponya lead pazinthu zapakhomo. Ngati n’kotheka, ikani mafuta oyeretsedwa ndi mtovu ndi penti mumtsuko wachitsulo. Imatsanulira bwino pamwamba pa 300°C. Samalani poponya mu nkhungu ya pulasitala, chifukwa mu pulasitala, chinyontho chomwe chimasungidwa mmenemo chimasanduka nthunzi chifukwa cha kutentha ndipo chikhoza kuwononga nkhungu. Kusungunula mtovu kumatha kuchitika m’bokosi lokulirapo, lopangidwa ndi mkuwa, lomwe tidakonza ngati chotengera choponyera. Timatenthetsa pa chitofu, monga njira yomaliza mu chitofu cha gasi kapena pa chitofu chamagetsi (chithunzi 1). Tisamale pogwira ntchito yoponya mtovu, makamaka pokoka utsi wake. Timadzaza pang’onopang’ono nkhungu yoponyera ndi mtovu wosungunuka.
SLIKA 1
Malamulo amakono, zolemba zamakono za zipangizo, kuwunika zoopsa ndi malangizo a akatswiri oyenerera ndi ovomerezeka kuti agwiritse ntchito masiku ano. Kutentha kwakale, njira ndi malingaliro ochokera m’malembawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yogwirira ntchito.