Isilumkiso esiBalulekileyo: Esi sisicatshulwa soovimba bembali, hayi iinkcukacha zomatshini wangoku, uvavanyo lomngcipheko okanye incwadi yokusebenza. Izantya, ukudibanisa, izixhobo, amanyathelo okukhusela kunye neenkqubo ezichaziweyo kufuneka zihlolwe ngokwemigaqo esebenzayo, amaxwebhu omenzi kunye neemeko zangempela zokusebenza. Ukusebenza ngezixhobo zokusika ezijikelezayo, oomatshini bokungqusha eludongeni, ufakelo lombane, isinyithi seshiti kunye neempompo kufuna ubuchule obufanelekileyo kunye nokhuseleko.
Oku okubhaliweyo akukokunikezelwa koomatshini okanye izixhobo ze Savo Kusić. Unikezelo lwangoku lugxile kwiifestile, iingcango kunye nemveliso yokuchwela ngokwesiko.
Isicwangcisi-moto
Njengokuqhotyoshelwa kwentloko yombane ebanjwa ngesandla kwaye ngenye indlela, njengomatshini oziqhubayo, kukho neplani enemoto. Inxalenye esebenzayo yomatshini yi-roller enye kunye namagqabi amabini okanye ngaphezulu ahambelana ne-axis yokujikeleza kwaye ebandakanya ukhuni, njengoko zibekwe kwi-roller casing. Izindlu zeplani ezincamathelayo zinesigqubuthelo kunye nokuphumla okunxuseneyo okubekwe phezu komphezulu ukuba kusetyenzwe kwaye apho kutsalwa kwaye kusetyenzwe njenge planer eqhelekileyo.
Umphezulu ocwangcisiweyo uziisentimitha ezininzi ububanzi kunye nesiqingatha seshumi sobunzulu bemilimitha. Sinokuluqinisa uxhulumaniso kwitafile yomsebenzi. Kwaye xa kunjalo, sifumana umatshini ozinzileyo apho into leyo siyitsale phezu kwesicwangcisi. Umatshini onjalo unokusisindisa umgudu omkhulu kwaye unike iziphumo ezilungileyo, kodwa phantsi komqathango omnye: ukuba sele sisazi ukucwangcisa ngesandla.
I-Rotary rasp
Ngoncedo lwe-attachment engabizi, nayiphi na i-drill yombane inokuguqulwa ibe yi-rotary rasp yokwenza umthi. Iqukethe i-roller enamazinyo, 6-8 millimeters ububanzi kunye neesentimitha ezininzi ubude. Kwesinye isiphelo, i-roller igxininiswe kwintloko ejikelezayo ye-drill, kwaye kwelinye icala, ifakwe kwi-shank kunye nebhola. Ngaloo ndlela, sibambe isibambo ngesandla sasekhohlo, kunye ne-drill echanekileyo kunye nenxalenye yokusebenza - i-roller - siqhuba umphezulu wento, omele ulungiswe usebenzisa isiteji, ukuba umphezulu awuyiyo inxalenye yento enzima. Ukuba sifumana ezimbini okanye ezintathu zezi rasps, ubude obahlukeneyo kunye neegrits, sinokwenza phantse wonke umsebenzi wokufakwa kweenkuni esiqhele ukuwenza ngesandla. Ezi, okokuqala kuzo zonke, ukujikeleza kwemiphetho, ukuqhutyelwa kweebhilidi, i-slabs, i-slats, ukubunjwa komthi wobunzima obuphakathi (ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwiisentimitha ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu), ukwandiswa kwemingxuma kwiibhodi zobukhulu obuphakathi, njalo njalo.
Umatshini wokugaya
Umatshini wokungqusha omncinci unokusebenzisa kakhulu, kunye ne-lil ngaphandle kwemoto yawo. Nokuba ilungisiwe okanye iyahamba. Ibonelelwe ngokhetho olukhulu lwee-router bits kuluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi. Ngoncedo lomatshini wokusila, sinokubumba ii-slats zefenitshala, amacala angaphandle efenitshala abanike imilo efunekayo, sinokuphinda kabini iinotshi kwiindawo zefenitshala (umzekelo kwiindawo zokubeka iidrowa), sinokwenza iindawo zokubeka kwimilo yomsila we-Iastina kunye nezinye iimilo; ukusuka kwisikwere Ill ii-slats ezixande sinokukhupha iiprofayili zezakhelo kunye nokunye. Ngaphandle koko, umatshini kufuneka uphathwe ngononophelo, ukwenzela ukuba umsebenzi uyamkeleka ngobuhle, kwelinye icala, kwaye ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yesantya esiphezulu apho umatshini wokugaya usebenza (malunga 2000 ukuguqulwa ngomzuzu nangaphezulu), kubalulekile ukuba ungafaki isandla sakho kufuphi nomatshini wokugaya. Kukho iirotha ezininzi ezinokudityaniswa, kwaye nganye isetyenziselwa iimilo ezithile zeegrooves kunye neendawo zokuhlala. Kulula ukuba nemilinganiselo emincinci, umatshini wokungqusha ubonelela ngezinto ezininzi ezinokwenzeka - ezinkulu kakhulu kuneemfuno zendlu Kwaye oko kuchaza ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwawo phakathi kweengcibi eziqeqeshiweyo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngelixa sinokwenza i-grooves kunye neenotshi, i-grooves kunye ne-recesses kunye ne-chisels kunye neesarha, akunakwenzeka, ubuncinane kunzima kakhulu, ukwenza iiprofayili ezithile kwii-slats, iibhodi, ii-III zefenitshala ngaphandle kwalo matshini. Ekugqibeleni, umgaqo usebenza kumatshini wokugaya ukuba kubhetele ukuba uqale ufumane umkhuba kunye nezixhobo zesandla, kwaye emva koko uqhubele phambili kumatshini wokulungisa.
Umatshini wokugaya iindonga
Iinxalenye eziphambili zodonga lwe-router, ezinokuphinda zifumaneke njenge-accessory eyongezelelweyo kwi-drill yombane, i-blade ejikelezayo ejikelezayo kwindlu ehlala kwiivili zerabha. Isetyenziswe ngokuyidonsa ngamaxesha amaninzi phezu kodonga ngendlela efanayo efunwayo, ngaloo ndlela ifumana ukucutha kabini eludongeni, kwaye kamva, ukususa i-plaster, sifumana ukudakumba kweesentimitha ezininzi. I-recess ide kwaye inesimo esiqhelekileyo ukwenzela ukuba imibhobho yofakelo ifakwe kuyo ngaphandle kobunzima. Kufuneka, ngokuqinisekileyo, silutyabeke kwakhona udonga emva kokufaka umbhobho.
Le nto incinci eyaziwayo yokomba yombane ingasinceda ukuba sifuna ukwandisa ufakelo lombane. Lo msebenzi, nangona kunjalo, udibene ngokufanelekileyo kunye nomdwebo wokugqibela weendonga okanye ukufakwa kwephepha lodonga elitsha.
Izikere zokulima
Izikere zokucheba isitiya zisisincedisi esiqhelekileyo kwi-drill yombane yokulima. Ifomu yabo kunye nokusetyenziswa ayifuni iinkcazo ezizodwa. Ekubeni ukusebenza kwazo kufuna amandla amancinane, iimodeli ezinebhetri okanye ezine-accumulators ezakhelwe ngaphakathi nazo ziveliswa.
Izikere zentsimbi yeshiti
Amashidi ecwecwe lesinyithi aqukethe iiblade ezimbini ezimfutshane, ezithi, ngoncedo lwe-motor drill drill, zenze iintshukumo ezifanayo nezikere eziqhelekileyo. Kukho iimodeli ezininzi: ezinye izikere zenzelwe intshukumo ethe ngqo, ezinye, ezinemigangatho emifutshane yokusika kunye nokumila okukhethekileyo, ukusika ngemigca egoso.
Ukufumana olu qhagamshelo kunenzuzo kuphela ukuba sisebenza ngamandla ngamashiti esinyithi ukwenza ifenitshala okanye amanye amalungu (iitafile zasegadini, iimbiza zentsimbi nokunye okunjalo). Ukusika i-sheet yentsimbi, nokuba incinci encinci kunye nezixhobo ezithambileyo, ezifana namaphepha e-aluminium, ukuba zenziwe nge-scissors ye-manual, zihlala zinzima, kwaye ukusika i-curvilinear kunzima kwaye kufuna umsebenzi kwizigaba eziliqela. Nangona kunjalo, sinokukwenza konke oku ngokulula kunye neentsimbi zentsimbi, kwaye ziyimfuneko kwi-sheet metal work endlini (ukutshintsha kunye nokulungiswa kwee-gutters, umzekelo). Ekubeni umsebenzi wentsimbi kwindlu kamva ufuna i-welding, mhlawumbi i-arc yombane okanye i-soldering, ezi zitshetshe zihlelwa njengesixhobo sobuchwephesha Iimar.
Isinciphisi sesantya kunye nezikere zeheji
Isinciphisi sesantya sinokudibaniswa kwi-drill yombane, isixhobo esiluncedo kakhulu, njengoko uninzi loomatshini kunye nezixhobo zifuna isantya esisezantsi sokusebenza. Izikere zeHedge ziquka iincakuba eziphindwe kabini, ezirhaxayo ezintshukumo zitshintshanayo: umva naphambili. Zihamba ngokolandelelwano, ngoko ke zisebenza njengeseti yesikere. Isixhobo, nangona kunjalo, sinosetyenziso olukhethekileyo - sesokusika iheji kuphela.
Carpentry (lathe) lathe
Olunye usebenziso oluqhelekileyo lwe-drill yombane njengemoto yokuqhuba ikwilathe yokuchwela, encinci ngobungakanani kwaye inokubamba amaqhekeza omthi amashumi amathathu okanye ngaphezulu kweesentimitha ubude. Kolu hlobo lweleyile (kunye nezinye iileyile), injini iqhuba intloko enye ngesixhobo. Into esiyilungisayo idla ngokumila i-oblong, ilungiswa kwelinye icala ngendlela efanelekileyo yokunyuka.
Ngale lathe encinci, sinokwenza iipali zocingo, imilenze yefenitshala, kunye nezinye iindawo zemilinganiselo emincinci ukusuka kwisikwere okanye kwii-slats ezijikelezayo. Iidiski zetsimbi ezine-sliding clamps (malunga ne-20 centimeters ububanzi) zinokuqhotyoshelwa kwiimodeli ezithile zeelathe. Ngoncedo lwezo zintathu okanye ezine zokudibanisa i-sliding (ezizilayidi kwii-grooves ezihambelanayo), sinokuziqinisa iziqwenga zokhuni 4-5 centimeters ubukhulu kwi-disc. Ngaloo ndlela, sinokwenza iipleyiti, izitya, izivalo kunye nokunye. Kwi-lathe, sinokwenza amathoyizi amahle ngomthi oqinileyo, emva koko iziphatho ezahlukeneyo, amakhonkco omthi, amavili, iicones kunye namawaka ezinye izinto, ngokuqinisekileyo kunye nemilinganiselo evumela i-lathe esinayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwilathe kufuna ubuchule obuninzi, obungenakufunyanwa ngokufunda incwadi. Ngokubukela omnye wabaguquli beeplanga abambalwa ngoxa esebenza yaye esakha amaxolo efanitshala yamandulo, okanye esakha ngokutsha ifanitshala eqhekekileyo ngokuhamba kwexesha, siya kufunda okuninzi ngakumbi. Ilathe yomchweli ibonelela ngamathuba angenakubaleka okwenza umthi, kwaye ukuba sifumana izakhono ezaneleyo kwaye siluthathela ingqalelo olu hlobo lobugcisa, siya kukwazi ukwenza izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezinokuthi zichazwe njengemveliso yamagcisa amagcisa.
Impompo yeSump ejikelezayo
Impompo ejikelezayo ayaziwa kakhulu njenge-attachment ye-drill yombane, kodwa iluncedo kakhulu. Iimodeli ezithengiswayo, ezimbalwa kwaye zikude phakathi, zihlangene kakhulu (malunga nobukhulu betoti yenyama, masijongane nayo), kunye nombhobho wokufunxa kunye nombhobho wokukhupha ngumunwe. Izakhono zale mpompo zifana nezo zokuhlamba izitya.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezo mpompo zininzi. Ngokomzekelo, sinokuyisebenzisa ukongeza amanzi, aqhelekileyo okanye ahlanjululweyo, ukugalela iwayini, ukuphepha ukuchithwa okanye amabala ngexesha elinye. Emva kokuba i-radiator yemoto ikhutshwe kwaye ihlanjululwe ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo, siya kuyigcwalisa ngokukhawuleza ngamanzi kunye nolunye ulwelo usebenzisa ipompo. Sinokugalela ngokulula iwayini kwi-demijohn kwiibhotile. Amanzi aqokelelweyo asuka kwiqula elidala egadini anokukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye mhlawumbi asetyenziselwe ukunkcenkceshela ngesitshizi.
Ngexesha likaxakeka, siya kusebenzisa impompo ukukhupha amanzi ngokukhawuleza kwitanki enesixhobo esiqhelekileyo sokukhupha amanzi singasebenzi: ukusuka kwiwasha yerubhi, ibhafu, isitya sendlu yangasese, kwiqula. Emva kokusetyenziswa, kufuneka sivumele impompo iqhube imizuzu embalwa isebenzisa amanzi okupompoza ukucoca indlela kunye nemibhobho evela kwiphunga kunye neentsalela zolwelo esilipompayo. Ukuba sifuna ukusebenzisa impompo ukumpompa ulwelo oluthile lokusela (amanzi, iwayini, iviniga), kufuneka siyiyeke impompo iqhube imizuzu embalwa sisebenzisa amanzi aphuma etephini kwaye sijonge ukuba amanzi aphumayo akanavumba kwaye akanancasa. Ukuba uvavanyo luthi awunayo, kufuneka uqhubeke umpompa amanzi alula de ivumba kunye nencasa ziphele.
Ukuthengwa kwale mpompo kuyacetyiswa nokuba asiyi kuyisebenzisa kunqabile, ngokuchanekileyo kuba asikwazi ukubona kwangaphambili iimeko ezingathandekiyo ezinokuba luncedo kakhulu kuthi. Ayibizi kakhulu kwaye kuba incinci, nangona siya kuyifumana indawo yayo endlwini. Kwaye ukukwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngokukhawuleza kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo kunye nokwenza umsebenzi othile ngokulula ziinzuzo zayo ezinkulu.
Umatshini wokungqusha ophathwayo
Abanye abavelisi baqalise iirotha zokhuni eziphathekayo ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa okungezona zobugcisa. Oomatshini abanjalo bavumela ukuba kwenziwe uluhlu olubanzi lomsebenzi: ukugaya i-grooves ethe tye, okanye i-dovetail grooves, ukugaya imiphetho yamacwecwe kunye ne-slats, i-edges yokulungelelanisa, ukwenza iimfama okanye imingxuma, imingxuma kunye nokunye.
Abo matshini, ii-axes ezithe nkqo, zihamba ngokumalunga nomsebenzi, ekufuneka ke ngoko zilungiswe ngeeclamps. Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zinokudityaniswa kuzo ngokuxhomekeke kumsebenzi oza kwenziwa. Ngaphandle koko, basebenza ngesantya esiphezulu (ngaphezu kwe-10 000 iirevolutions ngomzuzu) ehambelana nomsebenzi weplanga. Yiyo loo nto isiphumo sabo somsebenzi siphezulu kakhulu kuneso somzila womthi oqhagamshelwe kwi-manual drill yombane enobuninzi be-3000 revolutions ngomzuzu. Ukukhethwa kwee-routers zale mishini kukhulu, ngoko ke iindidi zeeprofayili zingenziwa kwiibhodi, iiplanga kunye neentambo.
Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuthethwe okufanayo kwaba matshini njengakwabanye: kunikwe ukusebenza okuphezulu, isixhobo siya kunceda nabani na ozimisele ukusisebenzisa ngokucwangcisiweyo. Kungenjalo, iadvanteji yabo kukuba abayithathi ndawo ininzi endlwini.
Oomatshini abadityanisiweyo
Aba matshini ngabona bantsokothileyo kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, babiza kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukuchaza umahluko phakathi kwabo kunye noomatshini abaqeqeshiweyo. Sizikhankanya apha kuphela ngenxa yokuba zinokubonwa ngakumbi nangakumbi kwimiboniso emininzi ekhethekileyo. Zibizwa ngokuba zidityanisiwe kuba zivumela yonke imisebenzi esisiseko yokuchwela kunye nokuchwela ukuba wenziwe ngobuchule obuphezulu. Isicwangcisi, isetyhula kunye nesaha yebhendi, iirutha ze-axis ezithe nkqo, i-sander yebhanti kunye neesanti zediski zobuso zigcinwe kwibhloko enye. Kwezinye iimodeli, i-grinder yezixhobo zokulola kunye nentloko ejikayo nayo ifakwe. Abanye baba matshini basoloko bekwindawo enye baze emva koko babe namalungu abongezelelwe kwiintlobo ezithile zomsebenzi, ngoxa abanye benokutshintsha indawo yabo ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomsebenzi ekufuneka bewenzile. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho noomatshini abadibeneyo abathengiswayo abalula kakhulu kwaye bancinci ngobukhulu, kunye nenani elincitshisiweyo lemisebenzi.
Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso labo liphezulu, bathatha indawo eninzi, kodwa ukusebenza kwabo kukhulu. Oomatshini abadityanisiweyo badla ngokuthengwa ngabantu abahlala kwizindlu zeentsapho ezakhiwe ikakhulu ngamaplanga nalapho bafuna ukwenza uninzi lomsebenzi wokuchwela kunye nokuchwela (ukuguqulwa kwezinyuko, ukwakhiwa kophahla, iindonga zamaplanga kunye nezahlulo, ngamanye amaxesha kwakhona ukuguqulwa kunye nokwandiswa kwamathala, ukwakhiwa kwezindlu, iishedi). Ngaphandle koqheliselo oluyimfuneko lokusebenza ngoomatshini abanzima ngolo hlobo, ulwazi olukhulu olufanayo luyafuneka ukwenza iielementi kunye nokuzifaka.
Izihloko ezinxulumeneyo: oomatshini bokucwangcisa kunye nokungqusha — inxalenye yokuqala, oomatshini beparquet kunye nezixhobo zokusika — inxalenye yesibini kunye nokuveliswa kwefestile nomnyango.