INqaku loKhuseleko oluBalulekileyo: Le yitekisi yezemfundo egcinwe kuvimba 2018. unyaka, kwaye hayi imiyalelo yangoku, uvandlakanyo lwemathiriyeli okanye isindululo semveliso. Izinto zokuqala, imilinganiselo, izixhobo, i-adhesives kunye neenkqubo zadluliselwa ngaphandle kokukhangela ngokwemimiselo yanamhlanje kunye nemiyalelo yomenzi. I-upholstery endala kunye nezigcwalisi zinokuthi ziqulethe uthuli, isikhunta, i-allergener, izinambuzane okanye iikhemikhali ezisetyenzisiweyo ngaphambili; imithombo, izikhonkwane, izikhonkwane, iiblades, i-staplers kunye ne-tensioned straps zithwala umngcipheko wokulimala, kunye ne-adhesives ifuna umoya ofanelekileyo kunye nokukhusela. Iingcango ezinomlilo, umsi, ukhuseleko, ukukhutshwa okanye omnye umsebenzi oqinisekisiweyo akufuneki zigqunywe, zigrunjwe, zenziwe nzima okanye zitshintshwe ngaphandle kwemvume ebhaliweyo yomenzi kunye nengcali egunyazisiweyo, kuba iindawo zokucoca, i-hardware, ukuvala kunye nokhuseleko zingatshintshwa.
Ifenitshala yophahla kunye nokugqunywa kweengcango ezikhoyo aziyonxalenye yesipho esitsha sikawonke-wonke sika-Savo Kusić. Ugxininiso lwangoku ziifestile zomthi, iifestile zomthi zealuminiyam kunye nokuveliswa kweminyango eyenziwe ngokwezifiso. Ngefestile ethile okanye iprojekthi yocango olutsha, ungathumela isicelo sesicatshulwa.
Upholstery wefanitshala
Inkqubo yokunyuswa - oku akusiyo yonke into elula kwaye ngoko ke inconywa kuphela kwabo banezandla ezinobuqili - siya kuchaza ngomsebenzi oqhelekileyo, ukunyuswa kwe-armchair.
Umsebenzi uqala ngokuqhawula isitulo esidala. Xa utyhila, kufuneka uqaphele kwaye ukhumbule isakhiwo se-upholstery, kwaye uqaphele ukuba ungonakalisi izinto eziphathekayo, kuba siya kuyisebenzisa kwakhona. Kodwa makhe sibone, luhlobo luni lwezinto eziphathekayo ezifunekayo kwi-upholstery? Okokuqala, iifayili ezifanelekileyo zifunekayo: ingca yolwandle, i-flax straw, inkukhu, uboya bekotoni, ubuninzi beenwele zezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo okanye, yintoni esetyenziswa kakhulu: i-laticel kunye nezixhobo ze-foam. Kwakhona ufuna iintambo ezixhasayo (i-textile, i-rubber kunye nesinyithi), amalaphu angaphakathi (i-twill, i-molino, ilaphu le-lining), imithombo kunye nezinye izixhobo zephepha lodonga (iphepha, intambo, intambo, intambo yokuhombisa, izikhonkwane zokuhombisa) kwaye ekugqibeleni ilaphu, isikhumba okanye isikhumba sokufakelwa. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ufuna izixhobo ezifanelekileyo: isando, i-traller kunye ne-nailer, i-tape tensioner, inaliti echanekileyo negobileyo, inaliti ephindwe kabini, i-pliers, i-scissors, i-tape yokulinganisa, intambo yokuthunga kunye ne-shears sheet metal.
Ungayityhila njani ifenitshala exhotyisiweyo? Okokuqala, kufuneka sikhuphe izikhonkwane zokuhlobisa kunye nephepha lodonga nganye nganye, kwaye emva koko sisuse ilaphu lokugubungela. Ukuba ilaphu lisekwimeko efanelekileyo, ngoko kufuneka icocwe yomile, kwaye ukuba sele igugile, kufuneka sithenge entsha. Emva koko, i-molino (ingubo egubungela i-wadding) kufuneka isuswe kunye ne-wadding. (Kucetyiswa ukuba utshintshe i-wadding endala kunye nentsha.) Emva koko kufuneka sisuse i-canvas, ingca yolwandle, imithombo kunye neentambo ezixhasayo. I-afro esusiweyo (iinwele) idinga ukucocwa ngokucokisekileyo ngothuli kwaye ichithwe kwakhona, okanye ukuba oku akunakwenzeka, ngoko kusetyenzwa ngesandla. Ekugqibeleni, imithombo kufuneka ihlolwe kwaye ezo zaphukileyo kwaye zoluliwe kufuneka zitshintshwe. Kukwafuneka sitshintshe iiteyiphu ezindala nezingonelanga ezingaqinanga.
Upholstery yesitulo seArmchair
Emva kokuchithwa, ukulungiswa kwezixhobo kunye nokuthengwa kwezinto ezintsha, i-upholstery inokuqaliswa. Singenza njani upholster kwakhona i-armchair? Izihlalo ze-armchairs eziphakanyisiweyo zihlala zixhotyiswe ngemithombo ephezulu. Indawo yokuhlala idinga 9-12 imithombo, kwaye ukuba i-upholstery endala yayingenayo imithombo emininzi, kufuneka yongezwe. (Isitulo sengalo sifuna inani elifanayo lemithombo, kuphela ubude obuncinci.)
Iintambo eziphetheyo kunye nemithombo
Iintambo kufuneka ziqale zifakwe kwisakhelo somthi esicociweyo. Beka isiphelo se-tape kumda ophantsi wesakhelo kwaye uyifake ngezikhonkwane ezintathu kumgama we-2 cm ukusuka ekupheleni. Emva koko ubeke i-2 cm inxalenye ngasemva kwaye uyilungise ngokuqinileyo ngezikhonkwane ezintlanu. Imicu yomntu ngamnye kufuneka ibe nomgama ofanayo we-3–5 cm kwaye umqolo onqamlezileyo wemigca kufuneka ubekwe kumqolo wokugqibela ukuze imicu ethe nkqo nenqamlezileyo idibane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba iintambo zigxininiswe kakuhle kwaye ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba silungise isiphelo samahhala, kufuneka zinyanzeliswe ngesixhobo soxinzelelo. Ukuba asinaso isixhobo esinjalo, sinokusebenzisa i-slat yokhuni edibeneyo kunye necandelo elijikelezayo. Sifaka i-tape ekuvuleni okusikiweyo kwe-slat kunye nokuguqula i-slat, esasiyicinezele ngaphambili kwicala le-armchair, sigxininise i-tape. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngaphambi kokuba ugxininise, kufuneka ubeke indwangu ethambileyo phakathi kwe-armchair kunye ne-slat, ukuze ungonakalisi i-polish ye-armchair.
Emva kokuqinisa iintambo, imithombo kufuneka ifakwe. Ezona zimithombo zine-5-6 imisonto. Imithombo ifanele iphumle kwiindawo apho imicu inqumla khona, kuba ngale ndlela umthamo wayo wokuthwala uya kuba mkhulu, yaye ifanele ibekwe ukuze amagwegwe eziphelweni zawo kumqolo omnye ajonge ngasekhohlo, yaye kolunye umqolo aye ngasekunene. Imithombo ebekwe ngokuchanekileyo kufuneka idityaniswe kwiintambo kwinqanaba elisezantsi, emva koko izikhonkwane kufuneka zibethelwe kwisakhelo, ngendlela efanayo nomqolo wemithombo, kunye neentambo zokubopha imithombo kufuneka ziboshwe kwezi zikhonkwane. Esinye isiphelo somtya kufuneka siboshwe kwisikhonkwane, emva koko kwintwasahlobo nganye, ubophe umtya kwiindawo ezimbini, ubophe emthonjeni kwaye ekugqibeleni ubophe isikhonkwane kwelinye icala. Ngendlela efanayo, imithombo kufuneka iboshwe kwicala elinqamlezayo ukuze igxininiswe kwiindawo ezine.
Upholstery osezantsi kunye nokuzaliswa
Imithombo edibeneyo kufuneka igqunywe ngelaphu lasentwasahlobo (i-jute cloth) kwaye isigqubuthelo kufuneka sifakwe ngokukhululekileyo kunye nezikhonkwane ze-upholstery kwisakhelo. “I-filler” ifakwe kwi-canvas yemithombo, umz. ukhula lwaselwandle oluhlaziyiweyo. Ukuzaliswa kufuneka kuqala kufakwe emacaleni esihlalo, emva koko phakathi, kwixabiso elinjalo ukuba imithombo ayiziva xa ihleli. Emva kokubeka i-filler ngokulinganayo, sibeka i-canvas ephantsi, sinqumle kwi-twill, kwaye siqinise okwethutyana ngezikhonkwane. Ukulungiswa kokugqibela kunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini: 1. qhobosha i-canvas phantsi kweencam zecala kwaye uthunge ngokwenza imiphetho: 2. siqinisa i-sargia kwisakhelo ngezikhonkwane. Izikhonkwane, ezifuna ukuqhutyelwa rhoqo 6-8 cm, siqala siqhuba kuphela isiqingatha, siqinisa i-canvas kwaye siyitsale kwizikhonkwane kwaye emva koko siqhube izikhonkwane ngokupheleleyo emthini.
Ukuthintela ukuzaliswa ekutshintsheni, i-upholstery yonke kufuneka idityaniswe ngokulinganayo. Ngomthungo wokuqala, umphetho we-upholstery kufuneka wamkelwe phakathi kweminwe emine kunye nesithupha, kwaye ukusuka kumnwe ophezulu malunga 5 cm, ubeke i-seam yokuqala, kunye nabanye kumgama olinganayo ukusuka kulo. Emva koko kuza ukugqitywa kwemiphetho ejikeleze isihlalo, emacaleni athe nkqo nakwi-backrest. Ukuzaliswa kufuneka kufakwe kwakhona, kulungiswe kwaye apho kuyimfuneko, umhluzi kufuneka ucinezele ngenaliti. Ii-Upholsterers ziqhelene neentlobo ezininzi zokuthunga komphetho. Siza kuchaza kuphela ezona zilula. Okokuqala kufuneka wenze imida kwiikona ukwenzela ukuba isigcwalisi singatyibiliki kwaye emva koko uqale ngokuthunga okokuqala 4 cm ukusuka kumda. Inaliti kufuneka ifakwe ngesandla sokunene ukusuka phezulu ukuya phezulu, kwaye ngesandla sobunxele, cinezela izinto eziphathekayo kwaye ngexesha elifanayo ukhuphe naluphi na ukungalingani okukhoyo. Emva komthungo wokuqala siqhubeka nokuthunga sisuka ekhohlo siye ekunene ngokuthe ngqo, 4-6 cm imithungo emide.
Upholstery ephezulu kunye ne-upholstery
Siqala ukuthunga okwesibini kumgama ukusuka emiphethweni, ye 2-2,5 cm ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene ngemithungo efanayo. Ngoku umgama phakathi kwamalungu ngamanye kuphela 2 - 3 cm. Ngelixa sithunga ngesandla sokunene, senza imiphetho ngesandla sasekhohlo kwaye sithambise ukuzaliswa. Kuzo zombini izithunga, kufuneka usebenzise intambo elungileyo kwaye eyomeleleyo kwaye emva kokuba 4 - 5 kwicala elingezantsi, ubophe ukuthunga ukuze kamva, ukuba kuyimfuneko, unokuwuqinisa. Ngale nto, ekugqibeleni siye sagqiba i-upholstery ephantsi apho i-upholstery ephezulu ibekwe khona.
Isigcwalisi asikwazi ukulungelelaniswa rhoqo ukuze ilaphu elisezantsi lithe tyaba ngokupheleleyo emva kokuthunga. Amaqhuma asele kunye nokungalingani asuswe kunye ne-upholstery ephezulu. Ubume bokugqibela be-upholstery bunokubunjwa ngokunyuka okuphezulu. Ngoko ke, uluhlu olutsha lokuzalisa kufuneka lubekwe kwinqanaba elisezantsi. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuthamba kunye nomgangatho osicaba we-upholstery. Okokuqala, kufuneka ugcwalise i-depressions edalwe xa uthunga imiphetho kunye ne-quilting, kwaye ke uluhlu olutsha lokuzalisa lubekwe kwi-thickness of 2-3 cm. Ngale njongo kungcono ukusebenzisa iinwele ezintle, i-laticel okanye imathiriyeli yogwebu. Umaleko omncinci woboya bekotoni kufuneka ubekwe ngokulinganayo kwi-filler layer ekugqibeleni kwaye imiphetho yalo maleko kufuneka ifakwe phantsi kwezinto zokuzalisa ukuze isigcwalisi singangeni kamva “kwilaphu lefenitshala”.
Umsebenzi olandelayo kukubeka ilaphu lelinen elenziwe ngokwemoline. Eyona ndlela ilula yokuqhoboshela le lining kukuthungela emphethweni. I-molino edibeneyo, imilinganiselo ehambelana ne-upholstered surface, kufuneka iqokelelwe emaphethelweni malunga ne-1 cm kwaye ifakwe kwiikona ezine zecandelo eliphakanyisiweyo kunye nezikhonkwane. Emva koko uqondise ngokucophelela i-armchair, mhlawumbi nokuba uhlale kuyo, ukwenzela ukuba i-molino ibambelele kakuhle kwi-upholstery kwaye uyiqinise kwakhona ngezikhonkwane. Imolino ethe tyaba ngokupheleleyo, engenamibimbi, kufuneka ithungelwe emiphethweni ngemithungo evulekileyo.
Kungcono ukugquma i-upholstery ngemathiriyeli elukiweyo exineneyo kwicala elingaphantsi ukunqanda amasuntswana esithako ukuba angawi aze angcolise umgangatho.
Ngoku imisebenzi yangaphakathi sele igqityiwe kwaye sinokuqala ukugubungela, oko kukuthi, ukufaka i-upholstery. Okokuqala, ilaphu kufuneka linqunyulwe kwisayizi efunekayo kwaye yolulwe kakuhle etafileni ukuze linganwebeki kwaye lidale imibimbi ngokukhawuleza emva kokufakwa. Ilaphu eloluliweyo kufuneka libekwe phezu komhlaba ukuba ligqunywe kwaye lilungiswe ngesikhonkwane esinye kwiimbombo zone. Emva koko ugxininise amacala amabini ngezikhonkwane, kwaye uqinise kumacala ahlukeneyo kwaye uwabethe ngezandla zakho. Xa uqinisa kwaye ulungelelanise, sebenzisa ukusuka kwiziko ukuya emaphethelweni ukuze ugweme i-creases. Ukuqiniswa kufuneka kuqhutyekwe kude kube yilapho umphezulu uphelele ngokupheleleyo. Kwiikona, indwangu kufuneka iqokelelwe ukwenzela ukuba iifolthi zifane kwaye ziphathwe ngee-stitches ezifihliweyo. Ingqalelo! Umphezulu kufuneka ube mcaba apha.
Ukuba sifuna ukubeka intambo yokuhlobisa kwimida engezantsi ye-armchair, ngoko ukuqiniswa kwendwangu kufuneka kwenziwe ngaphandle kokuhlanza, oko kukuthi, ukubethelela ngezikhonkwane ze-upholstery kwisakhelo somthi kwaye ugubungele ngeenxa zonke kunye nobubanzi obufunayo. Ukuba sifuna ukusebenzisa izikhonkwane zokuhlobisa, ilaphu kufuneka lifakwe kwindawo engezantsi yesakhelo ukwenzela ukuba inxalenye yobubanzi obumalunga 1 cm ibuyiswe kumda wendwangu kwaye ibethelwe kakuhle ngezikhonkwane ze-upholstery. Ekugqibeleni, siqhubela izikhonkwane zokuhombisa ngeenxa zonke kumphetho ongezantsi, siqinisekisa ukuba zikumgama ofanayo.
Upholstery emnyango
Ukuxhotyiswa kweengcango kunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini, kuxhomekeke kulwakhiwo lwazo. Enye yeendlela ifuna ukuba umnyango, esifuna ukunyusa, ube tyaba ngokupheleleyo, kuba ke i-upholstery inokubekwa ngokuthe ngqo kumphezulu womnyango.
Izinto ezifunekayo
I-Insulation: imathiriyeli ethambileyo yogwebu, ubukhulu bepleyiti 20-30 mm imilinganiselo ehambelana nemilinganiselo yocango (mhlawumbi ukusuka kwiziqwenga ezininzi). Ulayini: isibhakabhaka esithambileyo, esinwebekayo esinemilinganiselo emikhulu ngo-10 cm kunemilinganiselo yomnyango. I-Glue: uhlobo oluthile lweglue yokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza eyomileyo. Izikhonkwane. izikhonkwane zokuhombisa iphepha lokunamathisela odongeni, ukulungisa iinzipho zimfiliba. 16x16 (umzobo 1, inxalenye a.)
Ucango olucaba
Izibambo zomnyango kunye nezitshixo zetsimbi kufuneka zichithwe kwaye zisuswe kwaye zibekwe kwindawo ethe tye. Ngepensile, zoba isakhelo se-1,5 cm ukusuka kumda (umzobo 1, inxalenye b). Ukuba ufuna ukunyusa kuphela icala lomnyango elijongene nesakhelo, ngoko ngaphambi kokuba ususe izibambo, kufuneka uvale umnyango kwaye uphawule ecaleni kwesakhelo ukuba i-upholstery iya kuhamba kangakanani. Kolu phawu lwe 1,5 cmngaphakathi ngaphakathi isakhelo esitsha kufuneka sizotywe. Sika iphepha lezinto ze-foam ngokuchanekileyo ngokwemilinganiselo yesi sakhelo sangaphakathi kwaye usike indawo yephepha lokukhiya kuyo (umkhiwane 1, inxalenye c). Umphezulu womnyango kunye nomgangatho webhodi le-foam kufuneka ugcotywe ngeglue kwaye ubeke ngokucophelela izinto ze-foam kwindawo ephawulweyo kwaye unamathele (umkhiwane 1, inxalenye d.).
Umfanekiso 1
Emva koko (ngokuphakamisa imiphetho) iglue kufuneka ifakwe emacaleni ebhodi ye-foam kunye nomgangatho ophantsi womnyango ecaleni kwesakhelo kububanzi3 cm(ikhiwane.1, inxalenye e). Simele silinde i-glue ukuba “ibambe” encinci kunye nesixhobo esicaba (umzekelo, i-screwdriver ebanzi) cinezela ngokucophelela kwaye ulungelelanise umgca ophantsi we-foam kwaye emva koko unamathele (umkhiwane.1, inxalenye f.) Kwisiseko esilungiselelwe ngale ndlela, izinto zokugubungela isibhakabhaka kufuneka zibekwe, ziqiniswe kwaye zigxininiswe kwindawo nganye.5-10 cm ngezikhonkwane, ukwenzela ukuba izikhonkwane zibethelelwe kwisiqingatha kuphela. Emva koko isibhakabhaka sinqunyulwa njengoko sishiywe1 cmukusuka kwisakhelo esizotyiweyo (umkhiwane.1, inxalenye g).
Ngesitshixo, umgca unqunywe kancinci, emva koko indawo yesibambo kunye nokuvulwa kwesitshixo kunqunywe (umkhiwane.1, inxalenye h.) I-skylight igxininiswe ukusuka ezantsi ngokudibanisa kwaye emva koko ishidi lokukhiya lifakwe. Izikhonkwane zokuqinisa kufuneka zisuswe ngamnye (umkhiwane.1, inxalenye i.) kunye nokuguqulwa ngokuqhubekayo kwemiphetho ye-skirt kunye ne-tensioning, yilungise isiqingatha ngezikhonkwane. Emva koko, ngelixa uqhubeka ususa izikhonkwane zokulungisa, bethelela izikhonkwane zokuhombisa (umkhiwane.1inxalenye j) Lungisa iikona kuqala. Umgama ophezulu phakathi kweentloko zezikhonkwane unokuba 1-2 mm. Ukunyamekela kufuneka kuthathwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umgca ugudile, okanye ukhonkwane, ungabi ngaphandle kwesakhelo esiphawulweyo.
Iingcango ezinezifakelo
Ukuba ubuso bomnyango abukho tyaba kodwa ngokufaka, i-upholstery kufuneka yenziwe ngesiseko esikhethekileyo. Izinto ezongezelelweyo ezifunekayo kule ndlela yokusebenza yile: plywood okanye i-fiberboard eshinyeneyo3-5 mmkwimilinganiselo yepleyiti yesiseko yepo3 cmincinci kunemilinganiselo yomnyango. Iqhina lokubopha: intambo yelinen okanye ilinen ebhityileyo, amaqhosha okuhombisa ane-skein wrap.
Umfanekiso2
Okokuqala, dweba igridi yokubeka amaqhosha kwisiseko kunye nebhodi ye-foam (umgama phakathi kwemigca ethe tye kufuneka ibe 10 cm kunye nemigca ethe nkqo 7,5 cm). Kwi-intersection yale migca, imingxuma enobubanzi be-5 mm kufuneka ifakwe kwi-base plate, kunye nemingxuma enobubanzi be-30-40 mm kwibhodi ye-foam. Imingxuma inokuthi ifakwe kwibhodi ye-foam nge-punch yesikhumba (okanye, ngokungabikho kwaloo nto, isikhunta se-scone esinamacangca abukhali ngoxinzelelo kunye nokuguquka, umkhiwane 1, inxalenye k.) Emva kokubhoboza imingxuma, izinto ze-foam kufuneka zixutywe (ngaphandle kokudibanisa imida), imiphetho eqingqiweyo kufuneka ibekwe kunye neenzipho ezidibeneyo kufuneka zibekwe ngesando. Intambo yelinen eqinile kufuneka ifakwe kwiimbobo kunye ne-awl yokuthunga okanye inaliti ephindwe kabini kufuneka idluliselwe kwiindawo zokuvula - (umkhiwane 2). Emva kokufaka amaqhosha, umtya kufuneka uhlanjululwe kwizikhonkwane eziqhutywe kwisiqingatha kwaye uzilungise ngokuqhuba izikhonkwane. Ngoku sinokususa izikhonkwane apho isibhakabhaka sinamathele kwaye sifake iplate yesiseko emnyango kunye nezikrufu. Eminye imisebenzi iyafana naleyo ichaziweyo ngaphambili. Siya kufezekisa umphumo ofanayo ukuba sithenga izikhonkwane ezikhethekileyo, iintloko esizigubungela nge-scaly. Sizoba igridi kwi-skirt ngetshokhwe yomthungi, sigqobhoze amanqaku afanelekileyo nge-awl kunye nesando izikhonkwane ngesixhobo kubunzulu obufunwayo.