Amafasitela nezicabha yizici eziyisisekelo ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo nokwakhiwa ezisetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezakhiwo, okuhlanganisa izindlu, amafulethi, izakhiwo zamahhovisi, izakhiwo zezimboni, njll. Ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo, zichazwa njengezihlukanisi ezihambayo.
Amafasitela ayizimbobo ezindongeni zesakhiwo ezivumela ukudlula kokukhanya, umoya futhi ngezinye izikhathi umsindo. Zingalungiswa noma zihambe (ukuvula) futhi zingenziwa ngezinto ezahlukene ezifana nezinkuni, i-aluminium, i-PVC noma ingilazi.
Izicabha zingamaphaneli agudlukayo asetshenziselwa ukungena noma ukuphuma esakhiweni, kanye nokuhlukanisa amagumbi ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo. Iminyango ingatholakala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene esakhiweni, kuhlanganise neminyango yokungena, iminyango yangaphakathi, iminyango kumavulandi noma amasimu, njll. Zingenziwa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene ezifana nezinkuni, insimbi, ingilazi noma ipulasitiki.
Lezi zakhi zinendima yokusebenza ebalulekile kuso sonke isakhiwo, zihlinzeka ngokukhanya, umoya, ubumfihlo kanye nokuvikelwa ezintweni zemvelo yangaphandle. Futhi, zibalulekile ngobuhle ngoba zingafaka isandla ekubukekeni nasesitayelani sesakhiwo.
Izidingo zamafasitela nezicabha
Ukuvikelwa kwamafasitela angaphandle neminyango emathonyeni asemoyeni
Ayikho imithetho ejwayelekile noma izindinganiso ezihlinzeka ngendlela yokuvikela amawindi neminyango yangaphandle emithonyeni yomoya. Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ngempela ukuvimbela imvula - ngisho nangesikhathi semvula - ekungeneni emigwaqweni ngokwelashwa okwakhayo okulungile. Okungenani, kubalulekile futhi ukuvimbela ngisho nomoya obandayo - ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuphefumula komoya - ekungeneni ngokusebenzisa izingxenye, hhayi nje ukugwema okusalungiswa, kodwa futhi ngoba ukulahlekelwa ukushisa kwangaphakathi kuzokwanda kakhulu. Izingxenye ezingenisa umoya ziphinde zibe nomthelela wokuthi ukuvikela umsindo kwenza buthaka noma kulahlekelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenza kwakho.
Ukuvikelwa okushisayo kwamafasitela neminyango
Ngenkathi endabeni yezindonga, izakhiwo ze-mezzanine nophahla, ukulahlekelwa ukushisa ikakhulukazi ngenxa ye-thermal conductivity, esimweni samafasitela, ukulahlekelwa ukushisa okuyinhloko kwenzeka ngenxa yokungena komoya ngokusebenzisa izingxenye. Ngefasitela elilodwa lendawo 1 m2, cishe izikhathi ezingu-5 kulahleka ukushisa okuningi ngehora kudlula 1 m2 udonga lwesitini oluqinile olunezinhlangothi ezimbili. Ngakho-ke, njengomthetho, amafasitela angashadile kufanele agwenywe. Isibikezelo somnotho sibonisa ukuthi ngisho nendawo efudumele I, amafasitela aphindwe kabili ayonga, futhi nakakhulu nasezifundeni ezibandayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amafasitela enziwe ngamapulangwe amabili anebhokisi kufanele acatshangwe ukuthi amafasitela amabili ane-sash by sash. Okuhlukile kungase kuvunyelwe ezindaweni zokusebenza uma lokhu kuyithinti indlela ezisetshenziswa ngayo. Izicabha ezicwebezelisiwe zangaphandle kufanele futhi zibe kabili.
Njengoba ingxenye eyinhloko yokulahlekelwa ukushisa kumafasitela kwenzeka ngenxa yokungena komoya ngezingxenye, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekubekweni uphawu kwezingxenye. Izivalo zamafasitela - kokubili izivalo nezimpumputhe - kunciphisa kakhulu ukungena kokushisa ngamafasitela.
Ezakhiweni ze-workshop, njengakuzo zonke ezinye izimo, lapho amafasitela azosebenza khona kuphela ukukhanya kwemini hhayi ukungena komoya, kungcono kakhulu futhi ukonga kakhulu ukufaka esikhundleni samafasitela ajwayelekile ngezitini zezitini / izindonga zokuvimba. Uma kunesidingo, amaphiko okungenisa umoya asengafakwa ezindongeni ezinjalo. Ngokusebenzisa1 m2odongeni lwezitini zengilazi, cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yokushisa elahlekelwa yiyo kulahleka1 m2iwindi elilodwa.
Isitini sengilazi - ingaphakathi
Isitini sengilazi yangaphandle
Ukuvikelwa komsindo kwamafasitela neminyango
Kumafasitela neminyango, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umsindo ungadluliswa ngezingxenye, okungukuthi, ukuthi awudluli kanye nomoya. Zonke izinyathelo ezizothathwa ukwenza ukuvaleka komsindo ezicabheni namafasitela futhi ngenjongo yokunciphisa ivolumu yomsindo odluliswa ukudlidliza okuguquguqukayo, ngeke zibe nanzuzo nhlobo uma umnyango noma iwindi lingavalwa ngendlela engokwemvelo.
Ngokombono wendlela yokudambisa umsindo, iminyango namafasitela kufanele kubhekwe njengezindonga. Endabeni yeminyango eyodwa namafasitela angawodwa, ukufakwa komsindo kuyanda ngesisindo sazo, futhi endabeni yezicabha ezimbili namafasitela aphindwe kabili, ngaphezu kwesisindo sawo, kuyanda futhi nogqinsi longqimba lomoya.
Ukufakwa komsindo kwezindonga zangaphandle kuncike kumafasitela. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthatha izinyathelo zokwandisa ukuvikelwa komsindo wezindonga zangaphandle, umuntu kufanele aqale kusuka kumafasitela. Okokuqala, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekuvaleni kwabo kwe-hermetic. Uma kunesidingo esikhulu, faka amawindi aphindwe kabili.
Ibanga elivumayo kakhulu phakathi kwamawindi amawindi amabili ngu-8-12 cm. Kuyasiza ukuthi amafreyimu azimele komunye nomunye. Ngokuthulisa umsindo kuhlaka lwefasitela, ukwandiswa komsindo kuyanda. Kungenzeka ukumboza izinto ezimunca umsindo ngamathayili amancanyana, anezimbobo noma anezimbobo.
Endabeni yezicabha - ikakhulukazi emibundwini - ukwenza ngcono ukuvala emaphethelweni e-outlet ngokusebenzisa amapheshana azwakalayo noma amapheshana erabha ye-moss kuzuza impumelelo ebonakalayo. Ezimweni zesidingo esikhulu, isisindo samapaneli eminyango singandiswa, ngaphandle kokwandisa ukuqina kokugoba ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Umphumela omuhle utholakala ngokufaka izicabha ezimbili, zombili okufanele zivale kahle futhi akumele zibe lula kakhulu. Izicabha ezivalekayo zizwakala kahle kufanele zicindezele kakhudlwana futhi ngokulinganayo emgqeni wokuvala endaweni evaliwe.
Amafasitela ensimbi nezicabha zensimbi
Amafasitela ensimbi nezicabha zensimbi zenziwe ngensimbi noma izinsimbi ezilula (i-aluminium alloy).
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamafasitela ensimbi ngokuyinhloko kungokulandelayo:
- IWindows enamasashi ahlehlisiwe avundlile (okukodwa nakabili)
- Amawindi ane-casement ejikelezayo eyehlayo emaphethelweni aphansi
- Amawindi ane-casement ejikelezayo ebheke phezulu emaphethelweni aphezulu
- Amawindi anebhande elizungezayo elizungeza i-eksisi eqondile phakathi kwebhande
- Amawindi anebhande elizungezayo elizungeza i-eksisi evundlile maphakathi nebhande
- Amafasitela ashelelayo noma agoqekayo
Iwindi lensimbi elinebhande elijikelezayo elizungeze i-eksisi evundlile phakathi
Ukuhlukaniswa kweminyango yensimbi ngokuyinhloko kungokulandelayo:
- Izicabha ezinamahlamvu ajikelezayo avundlile (izicabha eziyisicaba, ezicwebezelisiwe noma ezinezicabha)
- Umnyango ojikayo
- Umnyango wekhava (isivalo)
- Iminyango yeqabunga elijikayo (ezungeza i-eksisi eqondile phakathi)
- Izicabha ezihinjisiwe
- Ukushelela noma ukugoqa iminyango
Isicabha sensimbi esicwebezelisiwe
Amafasitela enziwe ngokhuni neminyango yokhuni
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamafasitela enziwe ngokhuni kuhambisana nokuhlukaniswa kwamafasitela ensimbi (bheka ngenhla).
Iminyango egoqa ngokhuni
Ukuhlukaniswa kweminyango yamapulangwe kungokulandelayo:
- Izicabha ezivundlile ezivundlile (iminyango yamaphiko) - izicabha eziyisicaba, izicabha zamapulangwe, izicabha ezinemigqa emibili yamapulangwe, izicabha ezinemihosha ene-infill, izicabha eziyisicaba ezenziwe ngamapulangwe agqagqene.
- Umnyango ojikayo
- Umnyango wekhava (isivalo)
- Swayipha iminyango
- Izicabha ezihinjisiwe.
- Iminyango eshelelayo noma egoqayo (ukushelela okuqondile, ukushelela okuvundlile, ukugoqa)
Umnyango wokhuni oneqabunga elilodwa
Umnyango oshelelayo wokhuni onamaqabunga amabili anocwebezelisiwe
Uma ufuna ukujoyina ikhaya noma iphrojekthi, hlola amafasitela, iminyango noma usithumelele ubukhulu be-bhidi.