Zana bango
Ganuwar a cikin gidan wanka, dafa abinci, da dai sauransu waɗanda ke fuskantar tasirin ruwa kuma ba a rufe su da tayal, yana da kyau a fenti. Kafin zanen, ganuwar ya kamata a daidaita kuma a daidaita su. Wadannan substrates suna gauraye da ruwa a cikin rabo7:1, kuma ana shafa shi da goga ko abin nadi. Bayan kammala bushewa (idan36sati) sai gyaran jiki. Na farko kuma mafi mahimmanci shine amfani da gyare-gyaren kusurwa. Suna ba da jagora da ƙarfafa sasanninta, kuma an shigar da su kafin yin laushi. Garin da kansa yana haɗe da na’ura mai haɗawa da ke kan rawar jiki, kuma cikakken guga na grout yana zagayawa.30%ruwa. Ya kamata taro ya kasance mai kauri, ba gudu ba. Ana amfani da grout zuwa bango tare da mai tsarawa. Katangar da aka bi da ita yakamata ta kasance mai santsi. Kada a yi amfani da manne a cikin yadudduka mai kauri fiye da1 mm. Babban rashin daidaituwa zai iya kuma yakamata a daidaita shi a cikin yadudduka da yawa, don haka koyaushe jira kowane yadudduka ya bushe gaba ɗaya.
Hanyar yin amfani da glaze (a cikin waɗannan matakai):
1. Ana amfani da Layer na farko daga sama, har zuwa tsakiyar bango. Ana amfani da shi a cikin nisa na mita daya sannan mu koma tare da mai tsarawa don ɗaukar kayan da suka wuce. Ana amfani da trowel don amfani da sasanninta, don samun sauƙin shiga.
2. Ana amfani da Layer na biyu daga30cmdaga kasa, sa’an nan kuma zuwa saman Layer, don haka suna haɗuwa (alƙawari daga ƙasa zuwa sama).
3. Ana amfani da Layer na uku daga bene, zuwa tsakiyar Layer.
Bayan santsi da bushewa cikakke na santsi (15ku20hours), ana nika fuska. Manyan filaye masu lebur suna yashi da inji, kuma sassan da ke kewaye da gefuna, sasanninta zuwa rufi, kewayen kofofi da kwasfa ana yi musu yashi da hannu tare da yashi mai kyau.580.
Yanzu ganuwar gaba ɗaya tayi lebur kuma komai yana shirye don zane ko bangon bangon waya
Idan muka bi waɗannan ƙa’idodin, za mu guje wa rashin jin daɗi daga baya.
Zanen itace
Shiri na saman itace
Idan har yanzu saman itacen yana danye (ba a fenti ba), sai a fara yashi da dinka, watau rage, ko kawar da gaba daya, karfin tsotse itace. Ana amfani da fenti mai bakin ciki don wannan. Ana amfani da bakin ciki a saman tare da goga sannan2-3 awa, ana goge wuce gona da iri da busasshen kyalle. Ya kamata ku goge kullun a cikin hanyar ƙwayar itace. Gilashin katakon da ya cika ta wannan hanya yana bushewa24hours. Tabbas, ba dole ba ne a rufe rigar saman ko sanya shi. Idan saman itacen bai yi daidai ba, to, an sanya shi da katako na katako ko na musamman. Ana amfani da putty a cikin ƙaramin bakin ciki zuwa saman itacen tare da spatula (mafi girman kauri na Layer.0,5 mm) kuma a hankali ya daidaita. Jagoran motsi na spatula yakamata ya karkata dan kadan daga alkiblar filaye (kimanin20-30°). Dole ne a cire abin da ya wuce kima nan da nan. Bayan haka, ana amfani da putty a cikin yadudduka da yawa, kuma tsakanin kowane Layer kuna buƙatar jira lokacin bushewa (kimanin24hour) da yashi busassun Layer tare da takarda emery. Ya kamata a tsaftace saman yashi daga ƙura kuma ana iya fara zanen. Idan an yi amfani da putty na musamman, an rage tsawon lokacin aikin zuwa2-3hours.
Ya kamata a cire tsohon fenti daga saman da aka riga aka zana ta hanyar gogewa (spatula, wuka mai gogewa), kunna wuta tare da fitilar mai ko wasu hanyoyi don etching fenti (Fig.1). Ana shafa irin wannan abu da kauri a saman da kyalle ko goga, a jira fentin ya kumbura (kamar tafasar madara) sannan a cire shi da spatula. Lokacin da aka cire tsohon launi na fenti, ya kamata a yi yashi tare da takarda mai yashi (a sanya shi a kan itace) da kuma tsabtace ƙura tare da zane ko goga. Idan an yi amfani da wakili na fenti, ya kamata a wanke saman sau da yawa tare da ruwa da wanka.
Hoto1.
Farko
Bayani mai alaƙa: Bayani mai alaƙa · Bayani mai alaƙa
Idan saman katako ne wanda aka riga aka fentin, za mu iya barin aikin farko.
Wannan yana biye da babban gashi. Kamar yadda yadda ake gudanar da shirye-shiryen shimfidar wuri da priming don zanen (don saman shafi) iri ɗaya ne ga duk abubuwan katako, za mu bayyana dalla-dalla kawai aikin da ake amfani da shi don kowane abubuwan amfani.
Zana kofofi da tagogi
Na farko, kamar yadda a cikin yanayin da ya gabata, ana buƙatar shiri mai kyau da niƙa. Idan za ta yiwu, ya kamata a yi sanding a kan injuna na musamman don yashi lebur - calibrators. Waɗannan injunan suna nuna bel da yawa tare da yashi daban-daban kuma suna kawo saman ga kamala. Ana iya fentin ƙofofi da tagogi da aka shirya da ƙorafi da launuka daban-daban. Idan ba lallai ba ne don yanayin ya kasance mai kyau da haske, ana amfani da fentin mai, mai yiwuwa an shafe shi da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi. Don zanen ciki, fentin mai tare da tushe mai kayan lambu ko sabbin fasahohi kamar fenti na polyurethane sun dace. Don saman da suke ex
aure
saboda yanayin yanayi, ya kamata ku yi amfani da fenti tare da tushen mai mai linseed ko sabbin fasahohi kamar fanti na tushen ruwa. Idan ana son suturar kayan ado tare da luster enamel (mafi yawan al’ada), ya kamata a yi amfani da enamel na ciki ko enamel na roba. Ana amfani da na farko a cikin ɗakin, kuma na biyu ana amfani da shi don abubuwan da ke cikin tasirin yanayi (misali sassan Taga). A kowane hali, aƙalla riguna biyu ya kamata a shafa, amma yana da kyau idan an shafa riguna uku ta hanyar amfani da goga (a gida) ko bindigar feshi. Abubuwan kawai bayan bushewa (kimanin24hours) zai iya amfani. An fi cire kofofi ko tagogi da fentin su a kwance, saboda zubewa.
Danna nan don karanta yadda ake fenti aikin katako na waje yadda ya kamata.
Zanen kayan girki
Filayen kayan dafa abinci ya kamata a shirya musamman a hankali. (Ya kamata a gudanar da shi ta hanyar da aka bayyana a baya). Za a iya amfani da enamel na ciki ko enamel na roba don saman riga. Ƙarshen yana ba da sutura mai ɗorewa kuma ya fi tsayayya da ruwa.
Zana hanyoyin katako
Ba dole ba ne a yi fenti sabo saboda zafi. Ana bada shawara don jira har sai itacen ya bushe gaba daya kafin zanen. Kafin zanen, ya kamata a goge pathos da kyau kuma bayan bushewa cikakke, ya kamata a shirya saman bisa ga umarnin da aka bayyana a baya. Don priming, yakamata a yi amfani da fenti mai launin ruwan kasa mai kauri da 10% benzine ko turpentine. Bayan cikar bushewa (24 hours), gashin gashi dole ne a yi masa yashi da takarda Emery kuma a tsaftace shi da ƙura. Ya kamata a rufe saman da aka samu ta wannan hanya (mafi haske ko duhu) sau biyu tare da enamel pathos. Tsakanin riguna biyu, bushewa yana ɗaukar awanni 24. Gashi na farko ya kamata a yi yashi da sauƙi bayan bushewa.
Parquet varnishing
Varnishing parquet benaye yana da amfani sosai. Dalilan suna da sauƙi: ceton aiki, varnishing ya cika buɗewar parquet kuma shine mafi sauƙi don kiyaye tsabta. Ayyukan zanen yana da sauƙi. Da farko, ya kamata a goge parquet sosai tare da ruwa da kuma wanke-wanke don cire man goge baki gaba ɗaya. Tare da sabon parquet, inda ba a yi amfani da manna ba tukuna, ana iya barin wannan tsari. Bayan da parquet ya bushe gaba daya, za mu iya fara varnishing shi da parquet varnish. Ana sayar da Parquet varnish tare da lamba da kuma bakin ciki (a matsayin saiti). Kafin amfani, varnish da lamba ya kamata a haxa su da kyau. Don aikace-aikacen mafi kyau, ana iya yin amfani da cakuda tare da bakin ciki idan ya cancanta. Tare da 1 kg varnish, 12 m2 saman za a iya mai rufi a daya Layer. Aƙalla riguna uku na varnish ana buƙatar don samun inganci mai kyau. Lokacin bushewa tsakanin yadudduka ɗaya shine awanni 24. Ya kamata a shafa busasshiyar Layer da yashi kafin a yi amfani da Layer na gaba.
Ana iya amfani da varnish mai gauraye a ciki5sa’o’i, bayan haka yana yin kauri har ma ya taurare. Alamar da ke da sinadarin acidic tana kai hari ga abubuwan ƙarfe. Hakazalika, varnish da ke hulɗa da wani abu na ƙarfe ya zama mara amfani. Varnish da lamba za a iya haɗa su kawai a cikin gilashin ko kwandon enamel mara lahani. Lokacin yin amfani da buroshi, ɓangaren ƙarfe na goga ba dole ba ne ya shiga hulɗa da varnish, sabili da haka yana da kyau a yi amfani da buroshi zagaye tare da mariƙin da aka yi da kayan roba. Bayan amfani, yakamata a wanke goga nan da nan.
Ba dole ba ne a yi amfani da varnishing lokacin da zafin jiki ke ƙasa +10°S ko a cikin daki mai yawan zane-zane, saboda rufin zai zama fari. Saboda evaporation na bakin ciki, ana bada shawarar yin aiki tare da bude Taga. Shan taba, amfani da bude wuta, yin amfani da wutar lantarki an hana shi saboda hadarin wuta da fashewa lokacin aiki tare da varnish.
Zanen ƙarfe saman
Lokacin zana saman ƙarfe, shirye-shiryen saman yana da matukar muhimmanci, domin idan an shafa fentin a kan tsatsa, marar daidaituwa, zai yi sauri ya bare. Don cire tsatsa, hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce goshin waya, takarda yashi da wuka mai gogewa. Wannan aikin yana da gajiya sosai, amma lokaci da ƙoƙari kada a yi nadama, saboda dorewa na sutura ya dogara da tsaftacewa mai kyau.
Bayan an cire tsatsa, sai a shafe saman ƙarfen da goga a shafa shi da man fetur mai haske ko turpentine (degreasing) sannan a tsaftace shi da ƙura bayan bushewa.
Fentin mai tare da minium ƙarfe ya dace da priming, da minium na roba don ƙarin yanayi mai wahala. Ya kamata a yi amfani da gashin tushe a cikin ɗaya, mai yiwuwa yadudduka biyu. Fentin mai yana bushewa don24awa, amma yana ɗaukar akalla mako guda don bushewa gaba ɗaya. Don haka, kada a yi amfani da riga kafin wannan lokacin. Lokacin bushewa na minium na roba shine4hour ga kowane Layer da kuma bayan24hours za a iya shafa saman gashi. Hankali! Wadannan kayan suna da guba kuma ya kamata a kula da su tare da kulawa sosai.
Ana cire tsatsauran ra’ayi da tsage akan saman ƙarfe, kama da saman katako, ta hanyar sakawa. Bambancin kawai shine ana amfani da saƙar mai mai duhu don saman ƙarfe. Ciki enamels za a iya amfani da saman shafi a cikin Apartment, da roba enamel ko m fenti da tsatsa za a iya amfani da abubuwa da aka fallasa zuwa yanayi tasiri (misali fences, baƙin ƙarfe posts, da dai sauransu). Don gyara ƙananan lalacewa ga sutura a kan babura ko jikin mota, ana amfani da nitro-enamel, wanda za’a iya shafa shi da goga. Wannan enamel yana bushewa da sauri (4hours). Ana amfani da Primol don priming ƙarƙashin nitro-enamel, da nitro-putty don cikawa. Ana amfani da fenti na azurfa mai jure zafi don yin zanen chunk ɗin murhu, wanda ake amfani da shi ba tare da priming ba bayan cire tsatsa da lalata. Lokacin zana waɗannan bututu, ya kamata ku kula da gaskiyar cewa yayin amfani, yawan zafin jiki yana ƙaruwa sosai a hankali don kada murfin ya kumbura. Ba za a iya amfani da enamel na azurfa don murhu ba a wuraren da ke fuskantar tasirin yanayi.
Zanen kayan lambu
Dorewa da kyan gani na abubuwa masu amfani a cikin gidanmu da kewaye suna da mahimmanci ga kowa da kowa. Idan muka zana waɗannan abubuwa tare da suturar zamani, duka buƙatun sun gamsu. A ƙasa za mu bayyana wadanda coatings cewa za a iya amfani da lambu furniture, ado flower tsaye, baranda fences da sauran fences.
An ƙayyade ingancin sutura ta yadda aka yi da fasaha da kuma a hankali zanen. Kafin fara aikin zanen, fenti a cikin akwatin ya kamata a haɗe shi da kyau kuma a daidaita daidaiton fenti tare da bakin ciki - tare da haɗuwa akai-akai. Dilution na fenti ya dogara da ko an shafa shi da goga ko ta hanyar fesa. Wato, a lokacin da ake shafa da goga, ana buƙatar ƙarami mai narkewa, kuma lokacin fesa, ƙarar dilution mafi girma (don shafa da buroshi, kuna buƙatar kusan.5-10 %, da kuma feshi15-50 %roba ƙarfi).
Ana ba da shawarar yin aikin fenti a cikin bushe, daki mara ƙura. Idan an yi zanen a cikin yadudduka da yawa, to, lokacin bushewa tsakanin yadudduka ɗaya ya kusan.16-24hours.
Launuka, waɗanda za mu bayyana a ƙasa, ana iya amfani da su tare da goga ko ta hanyar fesa. Banda shi ne minium na roba, wanda za’a iya shafa shi da goga kawai (saboda dalilai na lafiya).
Lokacin zana abubuwa na ƙarfe, ainihin abin da ke cikin rufi shine gashin tushe mai karewa (da tsatsa). Rufin kariya yana ƙunshe da ingantattun launuka masu hanawa da hana yaɗuwa da samuwar tsatsa. Don zanen ƙarfe da saman saman ƙarfe minium ɗin roba galibi ana amfani da shi azaman suturar tushe, kuma ga ƙarafa masu haske (misali aluminum) ana amfani da gashin tushe don ƙarfe mai haske.
A matsayin mai bakin ciki, don minium na roba, da kuma maƙalar tushe don ƙananan ƙarfe, ana amfani da benzine mai haske. Idan batun sake fenti ne da aka riga aka fentin, ana iya barin murfin kariya kuma yakamata a yi amfani da shi kawai don gyara ƙananan lahani. Ana sayar da enamel don kayan lambu a cikin kwalaye na0,35kuma0,70lita a kowane launi, kuma ikon rufewa shine8-12 m2/ kg.
An san cewa za’a iya yin sutura mai kyau kawai idan an yi amfani da gashin tushe a ƙarƙashin enamel. Irin wannan suturar tushe shine suturar tushe na roba na duniya wanda ke bushewa da sauri, yana da ƙarfi, yana jure tasiri, amma yana ba da membrane na roba. kilogiram ɗaya na launin tushe na duniya ya isa ya rufe6-8 m2saman. Amfanin na farko na duniya shine, ban da tabbatar da daidaitaccen kauri na rufin, yana kawar da ƙananan lahani da rashin daidaituwa na farfajiya. Gashi na wannan launi na tushe za a iya yashi da kyau, yana ba da sautin kwai kuma duk manyan enamels suna manne da shi da kyau.
Don suturar tushe na duniya, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da bakin ciki na roba a cikin matsakaicin adadin20%. Ana samun wannan sutura a duk inuwar cikin akwatunan1/2,1kuma5 kg. Na musamman enamel varnish don kayan lambu na kayan lambu yana da matukar dacewa ga babban mai sheki, busassun bushewa da sauri don duka katako da abubuwa na ƙarfe.
Enamel varnish za a iya amfani da kai tsaye zuwa ga yashi da kuma shirye saman da kyau, wanda aka riga an fentin, kuma zuwa gaba daya sabon saman a hade tare da duniya tushe gashi.
Ya kamata a yi amfani da na’ura mai laushi na roba don tsarma da enamel varnish na musamman, saboda wannan varnish baya jure wa sauran bakin ciki (man fetur, turpentine, nitro-thinner).
Sabo da aka shafa yana bushewa da sauri wanda ke hana ƙurar iska daga mannewa saman fentin. A kowane hali, yana da kyau a jira lokacin bushewa na kimanin24hours.
Zanen Radiator
Bayan ƙarshen lokacin dumama, ana iya sake fentin radiators. A lokacin lokacin zafi guda ɗaya, sutura a kan radiators suna fuskantar tasiri daban-daban, wanda za’a iya gani a cikin ɓarna ko cikakkiyar lalacewa na murfin kariya. Irin wannan radiators a cikin ɗakin, tare da launi mai lalacewa, suna haifar da mummunan ra’ayi daga ra’ayi mai kyau, don haka sake dawo da fenti kuma ya cancanta daga wannan bangare.
Radiator lacquers (akwai nau’i biyu: bisa ga resins na halitta da roba) suna kare radiators daga tsatsa kuma a lokaci guda suna ba su kyakkyawan bayyanar. Ana sayar da varnishes na radiyo a cikin fakitin1kuma5 kg. Kafin fara fenti, ya zama dole don gyara ƙananan lalacewa tare da takarda yashi (tare da fineness na hatsi80,100ko120). Ana ba da shawarar sanya sawdust ko wasu takarda mafi girma a ƙarƙashin radiator yayin zanen don kare parquet daga faɗuwar fenti. Idan, duk da wannan kariyar, digo ya hau kan parquet, ya kamata a goge shi nan da nan tare da zane wanda aka jiƙa a cikin radiyo varnish thinner.
Za a iya shafa varnish na radiator tare da goga (don sirara, yi amfani da sikirin radiyo ko nitro thinner). Rufin radiator-lacquer yana bushewa da sauri, cikin kusan rabin sa’a ya kai matakin bushewar saman, kuma ga8-10hours don bushe gaba daya. A lokacin zanen, ya kamata a kirkiro daftarin da ya dace a cikin dakin. Ɗayan kilogiram na varnish na radiator ya isa don zanen8-10 m2saman. Filayen, wanda aka yi masa fentin da radiator-lacquer, yana da sheki sosai da kayan ado, fari ne kuma yana riƙe da wannan launi ko da bayan tasirin zafi na dindindin, watau baya juya launin rawaya saboda zafi.
Lokacin yin zane tare da wannan launi da kuma sauran launukan da aka kwatanta, ya kamata a guji amfani da bude wuta, saboda launuka sun ƙunshi abubuwan da za su iya ƙonewa.
Bambancin saman ƙarfe
Za a iya amfani da lacquer mara launi don lacquering ƙananan abubuwa da aka yi da tagulla, tagulla, aluminium ko don abubuwan ƙarfe masu chrome-plated. Ana iya shafa wannan goge da goga a cikin yadudduka masu sirara misali. a kan chandeliers, ƙwanƙolin ƙofa, chrome surfaces, da dai sauransu. Yana kare saman abin da aka lakafta don kada ya rasa haske da launi ko da ba tare da tsaftacewa ba. Lokacin bushewa na wannan goge shine4hours.
Kula da saman fenti da fenti
Lacquer da fenti sun zama datti, rasa hasken su kuma sun juya duhu a kan lokaci. Scratches suna samuwa a saman Layer kuma fentin ya zama maras ban sha’awa. Ba za a iya amfani da hanyoyin al’ada don tsaftace fenti ba, kamar yadda masu tsaftacewa suka kai hari ga kayan shafa. Sabili da haka, don tsaftacewa da kuma kula da fentin fenti da fenti, ana buƙatar wakilai na musamman waɗanda za su tsawaita rayuwar sabis na sutura da adana kayan adonsu. Irin waɗannan wakilai sune: masu goge goge.
Wadannan jami’ai sun dace sosai don tsaftace fenti da fenti. Amfani da su baya lalata rufin, menene ƙari, yana kare shi kuma yana goge shi.
Ana amfani da su ta yadda za a zuba ɗan ƙaramin abu a kan ulun auduga ko yadi sannan a shafa saman da za a goge a hankali ta hanyar kewayawa. Sannan a dauko busasshiyar kyalle ko auduga a rika shafawa a kan abin da ya shafa domin ya yi sheki. Wannan wakili yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan haɓakawa na yau da kullun don tsaftacewa da kula da saman fenti da fenti.
Motar goge goge
Ana amfani da shi don tsaftacewa, kulawa da goge lacquered da fentin saman babura da motoci. Yana ƙunshe da wani abu na musamman na guduro ta yadda da tsarin amfani da shi, saman yana korar ruwa, watau ruwan sama yana nuna saman motar.
Kafin amfani, motar, ko babur ya kamata a wanke sosai kuma a goge da busasshen soso. Dabarar yin aiki tare da wannan wakili daidai yake da mai tsaftacewa don fentin fenti da fenti.
Superpolit
Ana amfani dashi don yashi mai kyau na fentin fenti da fenti. Har ila yau, ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu ƙarfi don yashi. Za’a iya cire ƙananan karce, lalacewa da launi mai laushi tare da wannan kayan aikin.
Ya kamata a fara girgiza Superpolit kuma a zuba dan kadan a kan auduga ko zane kuma tare da wannan, da farko a hankali, sannan kuma da karfi, shafa saman. Don cire kasusuwa, ya zama dole a shafa fuskar dan kadan kuma, idan ya cancanta, maimaita polishing. Ba za a iya goge wuraren da ba a taɓa gani ba tare da wannan wakili, saboda yana shiga cikin pores kuma yana da wuya a cire daga baya.
Ana ba da shawarar goge goge sau biyu a shekara.
Idan kuna gyarawa ko zabar sabon kayan haɗin gwiwa, duba mu windojin katako, kofar gida ko aiko mana da tambaya ta shafin lamba.