Zolemba zakale: Mawuwa amasunga mokhulupirika zomwe zanenedwa m’nkhani yoyambirira ndipo si chitsimikizo chawo chatsopanocho. Kafukufuku wofotokozedwa, ndondomeko, zinthu ndi ntchito zomwe zingatheke sizinthu, luso lamakono, satifiketi kapena polojekiti ya Savo Kusić. Zomwe anthu akupereka panopa zikuyang’ana pa mazenera ndi zitseko.
Kufotokozera m’mbiri ya kafukufuku
Mkhuni ndi chinthu chomangira champhamvu komanso chosunthika, koma monga chinthu china chilichonse, chimakhala ndi zopinga zake (zimawola pakapita nthawi, chimawola chifukwa cha nsikidzi komanso chimatchinga kuwala).
Mapanelo agalasi okhazikika siabwinoko. Amatulutsa kuwala mosavuta ndipo amalola mphamvu zambiri kulowa kapena kutuluka mnyumbamo. Mainjiniya adapeza zabwino koposa zonse: matabwa owoneka bwino.
Asayansi Liangbing Hu, Dr. Mingwei Zhu ndi anzawo ochokera ku yunivesite ya Maryland adatha kupanga chipika chamatabwa chowonekera bwino, motero anapeza zinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pomanga ndi zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala.
Asayansi adachotsa mumatabwa molekyu yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yolimba komanso yakuda, ndikupeza maselo opanda mtundu a cellulose odzazidwa ndi epoxy resin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale matabwa omwe nthawi zambiri amawonekera.
“Izi zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito m’magalimoto chifukwa nkhuni zimakhala zowonekera komanso zamphamvu kwambiri,” adatero Dr. Zhu, wolemba woyamba wa phunziroli. “Mutha kuyigwiritsanso ntchito ngati chomangira chapadera.”
Pochotsa utoto ndi mankhwala, nkhunizo zinayamba kuwonekera, koma zimakhalanso zamphamvu komanso zotetezera bwino kuposa galasi, ndipo zimakhala ndi mphamvu zowonongeka bwino kuposa pulasitiki.
Ndondomeko ndi katundu zomwe zatchulidwa m’nkhaniyi
Njira yomwe idapangitsa kuti matabwawo aziwoneka bwino adayamba ndikuwawiritsa m’madzi osakanikirana ndi sodium hydroxide ndi mankhwala ena kwa pafupifupi maola 2. Izi zinatulutsa lignin, molekyu yomwe imapatsa nkhuni mtundu wake, kuchokera mumtengo. Pambuyo pake, adathira utomoni wa epoxy pamtengowo, womwe umapangitsa kuti ukhale wolimba kuwirikiza kanayi kapena kasanu.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi za matabwa “watsopano” ndikuti adasungabe mawonekedwe ndi njira zachilengedwe zomwe zidapangidwa pomwe zidali “zenizeni” zamatabwa. Ma microchannel awa amatha kuyatsa ngati momwe amapangira zakudya ngati gawo la mbewu. “M’zinthu zachikhalidwe, kuwala kumabalalika,” akutero Hu. “Mukachita zimenezi m’matabwa, kuwala kowonjezereka kudzalowa m’nyumba mwanu.”
Mapulogalamu zotheka omwe alembedwa mugwero
Mumagawo otsatirawa a kafukufuku, asayansi ayesa kupanga njira yomwe ingawalole kukulitsa ukadaulo uwu, kuti apange matabwa akuluakulu owoneka bwino omwe azigwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana kuyambira popanga mawindo, zomangira ndi mipando, mpaka kuzinthu zing’onozing’ono monga zida zowoneka bwino zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi galasi kapena pulasitiki.
Zochokera: phys.org,youtube.com