** Muhimmin bayanin kula na aminci:** Wannan rubutun ilimi ne na tarihi, ba girke-girke na zamani ba, takardar fasaha ko littafin aiki. Wasu allolin tarihi, masu ɗaure, kaushi da sutura na iya zama mai guba, mai ƙonewa, fashewa, ɓarna ko ƙuntatawa a yau. Kar a haɗa ko amfani da kayan bisa ga wannan rubutu ba tare da takardar bayanan aminci na yanzu ba, umarnin masana’anta, isassun iska, kayan kariya na sirri da ƙwararrun ƙima.
Ayyukan zane-zane da sayar da fenti ba sa cikin tayin jama’a na Savo Kusić na yanzu. Abubuwan da aka fi mayar da hankali kan samarwa a yau sun ƙunshi tagayen katako, itace-aluminum Taga da kofofin al’ada.
Launuka da damar haɗawa
Babban abin da ake buƙata don amfani da launuka shine sanin yuwuwarsu na haɗuwa da juna. Teburan suna ba da bayanan asali don haɗa sautunan asali da juna. Ana kiran launi pigment a cikin yaren ƙwararru.
An ƙayyade ikon haɗe pigments bisa ga zane-zane masu zuwa:
1. - terraced ja
2. - lithophone
3. - farin zinc
4. - farin titanium
5. - rawaya rawaya
6. - rawaya cobalt
7. - rawaya ultramarine
8. - chrome rawaya
9. - chrome-orange ja
10. - baltimore rawaya
11. - yellow baƙin ƙarfe oxide
12. - rawaya-orange cadmium
13. - kadmophon
14. - sabon rawaya
15. - chrome duhu
16. - launin ruwan kasa kolon
17. - Mars duhu
18. - jan karfe oxide
19. - mutuƙar mutuwa
20. - cinnabar
21. - cadmium ja
22. - ultramarine
23. - hade blue
24. - Paris Blue
25. - cobalt blue
26. - Bremen blue
27. - manganese violet
28. - chrome-oxide-kore
29. - chrome-oxide-hydrate-kore
30. - chrome kore
31. - zinc kore
32. - cobalt kore
33. - baƙin ƙarfe oxide
34. - baki kamar soot
35. - “cikakken” rawaya
36. - lipstick
37. - Munich varnish
38. - crapinober
Sauran kayan da ake buƙata don niƙa
Farin ƙasa nau’i ne na yumbu mai launin haske, ana sayar da ƙasa ta zama foda ko kuma a matsayin tubali, kuma ana amfani da shi don zanen bango. Launin sa dan kadan ne, launin toka mai haske. Tsarinsa yana da ɗan ƙaramin hatsi, mai sauƙin murkushewa kuma yana da mai don taɓawa.
Ana yin tubalin turmi daga ƙasa farar ƙasa da ruwa, an yi su kamar bulo. Tare da ƙari na Viennese fari ko wasu kayan don haɗakar sauti da ɗaure, ana amfani da su azaman gashin gashi (don priming). Bisa ga girke-girke na tarihi, don yin suturar tushe a kan1 kgfarar kasa an kara1,5-2l ruwa kuma1,5-2dkg na manna mai kauri. Adadin da aka ƙayyade na cakuda an kwatanta shi azaman isa don ƙaddamarwa3-4 m2bango saman.
Alli wani yanki ne na takamaiman ƙasa. Yana narkewa a cikin carbonic acid kuma wasu tsire-tsire suna amfani da shi (ana samun alli ta hanyar ajiye ragowar katantanwa na teku, harsashi da murjani). Cire alli yana da tattalin arziki ne kawai idan yana kan saman ƙasa ne ko kuma ƙasan saman ƙasa. Bayan an fitar da alli, sai a fara nika shi, idan kuma bai isa ba, sai a tsaftace shi ta hanyoyi daban-daban.
Kyakkyawan alli mai kyau gauraye da ruwa yana samar da sinadari mai laushi kuma baya ƙunshi barbashi na yashi ko yumbu. Saboda kyakkyawan mannewa, ana amfani da shi don fenti da aka narkar da cikin ruwa. Abubuwan asali suna da mahimmanci. Ana amfani da shi ba kawai don canza launin launin fata ba, har ma don ƙaddamar da wasu sautunan. Ana sayar da shi a ƙasa ko dunƙule a ƙarƙashin sunaye daban-daban.
Whale alli (taimakon mai zane) nau’in alli ne mai launin toka ko rawaya. Gauraye da guduro, firnais, da dai sauransu ana amfani da su azaman abin sanyawa don tagogi.
Gilashin ruwa shine mai ɗaure ma’adinai mara launi. Ana iya diluted da ruwa. Gilashin ruwa na Potassium an kwatanta shi a cikin rubutun asali a matsayin mafi kyawun abin ɗauri. Yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi na asali kuma yana saponifies mai. Saboda haka, fenti da aka narkar da a cikin gilashin ruwa ba za a iya amfani da su ba don suturar mai. Ba duk pigments da fillers za a iya haxa su da gilashin ruwa. Yana narkar da gilashi.
Tutkala yana da iri da yawa. Kwayoyin kasusuwa suna da launin rawaya mai haske mai launin rawaya da ɗan ɗanɗano mai tsami. Warts na fata ba su da wari kuma launin duhu. Kakin kayan lambu yana narkewa cikin ruwa kawai kafin a saita shi.
Kayayyakin taimako da insulating
Ana amfani da sabulu don wankewa da kuma alum don rufewa kawai. Ana amfani da Emfix-kit don daidaita saman bango. Ana sayar da shi a cikin kwalabe na1 kg.
Ana sayar da kayan fenti da launuka a cikin shirye-shiryen da aka shirya kuma a cikin kwalaye, ko marufi, ana ba da mahimman bayanai da umarnin don amfani, haɗawa da rushewa, kuma ba za mu kwatanta su daban ba a nan. Ya isa a ambaci cewa fenti suna ƙonewa, fashewa da tururin su yana da guba.
Misalai na tarihi na kayan zane
VOBA da JUBOFLOR - kayan plastering da aka shirya a cikin launuka daban-daban. An haɗu da fenti tare da duk abubuwan da ake bukata (lemun tsami, putty, da dai sauransu). Ana sayar da shi a cikin jaka kuma yana da kamannin foda. Don farar fata, kawai wajibi ne don narkar da abin da ke cikin jakar a cikin ruwa.
DURLIN - varnishes na duniya don itace, ƙarfe, da sauransu. Suna samuwa a cikin launuka daban-daban. Suna bushewa da sauri kuma suna da inganci. Ana sayar da su a cikin akwatunan kwano.
CARBOLINE - fenti don itace da karfe. Suna zuwa da sheki kuma babu sheki. Ana sayar da su a cikin akwatunan kwano. Suna da inganci mai kyau.
ZASTAVA - REPARATUR - fentin enamel ga jikin kowane nau’in motocin.
BALKAN - feshin lacquer mota don motocin. Ana iya amfani da wannan kayan aiki don ƙananan lalacewar fenti akan motoci sosai ta hanyar danna famfo. Ya zo cikin launuka masu yawa.
BONALUX - kayan aiki da aka shigo da su don zanen jikin motocin tare da varnish.
POLIKOLOR - manna don tinting varnishes da fenti, a cikin inuwa tara.
** Bayanan kula:** Sunan samfur, samuwa, abubuwan da aka tsara, kaddarorin da shawarar amfani a cikin wannan rubutun tarihin ba lallai bane su bayyana samfuran yau. Takaddun bayanai na fasaha da aminci na yanzu, dacewa tare da substrate da yanayin takamaiman sararin samaniya sun dace don zaɓin sutura da pigments.